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Corticosteroids
(Prednisone, e.g.)
Available: oral
solution � 5 mg/mL, 5 mg/5 mL; syrup � 5 mg/5 mL; tablets � 1
mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 50 mg
Cost: 5 mg, 30
tablets = $10.99
Indications: To
reduce inflammation in joints or other regions of the body, or
at higher doses to suppress excess activity of the immune
system
Side effects:
Increased appetite, weight gain, fluid retention,
hypertension, elevated blood sugar (potentially leading to
diabetes), hardening of the arteries, cataract formation,
glaucoma, osteoporosis, delayed wound healing, increased
susceptibility to infection, development of �moon face,� and
acne. Note: The frequency and severity of these side
effects is highly variable depends on the dose and duration of
therapy.
Important points to know:
It is very important to take this medication as
directed. Do not discontinue the drug abruptly after
long-term use, which can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Stopping smoking and using measures that reduce cholesterol
may decrease cardiac risks. Each patient should ask the
health care provider about how long he/she can expect to take
this medication. Any individual taking or anticipated to be
taking corticosteroids for greater than 3-6 months should
receive bone density monitoring and measures to prevent
osteoporosis. In diabetics, and in certain patients on higher
doses or at risk for high blood sugars should be instructed on
diet and the importance of monitoring blood sugars levels.
The health care provider should be notified of any vision
changes, increased thirst or urination, swollen feet or
ankles, shortness of breath, or signs of infection.
Other corticosteroids include
methylprednisolone (Medrol), and dexamethasone (Decadron).
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