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Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
(Bactrim)
Available:
Single strength tablets trimethoprim
80 mg/ sulfamethoxazole 400 mg; double strength (DS) tablets
trimethoprim 160 mg/sulfamethoxazole 800 mg; suspension of 40
mg/200 mg per 5 mL
Dose:
160 mg/800 mg twice daily for active infections, three times
weekly for prevention of infections
Cost: DS
tablets, #60 = $43.99
Indications:
Prevention of infections while receiving potent
immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclophosphamide; also used as
a maintenance therapy for milder cases of Wegener�s
granulomatosis
Side
effects: A rash resulting from an allergic reaction is
the most common side effect of this drug. Nausea, vomiting,
abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache and muscle aches occur less
commonly. Rarely, serious side effects such as low blood
counts resulting from suppression of the bone marrow, abnormal
kidney or liver function, or seizures have been reported.
Monitoring:
A baseline blood count, liver and kidney function tests
are recommended for patients using this medication long-term.
These studies can be repeated every 6-12 months while on this
medication or as other symptoms dictate.
Important
points to know: While the rash patients experience on
this medication is usually only unpleasant, in rare cases it
may be life-threatening. Discontinue the drug, and notify
your provider in the event that a rash develops. Also call if
there is a decrease in urine output or signs of blood in the
urine. This medication can may patients more susceptible to
sunburn. Avoidance of mid-day sunlight as well as wearing
protective clothing and sunscreen will help to minimize this
problem.
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